| 1. Match the absorbent core to the liquid volume |
Fluff pulp, superabsorbent polymer (SAP), or a pulp–SAP blend enclosed between nonwoven layers. |
Fluff pulp distributes liquid, while SAP absorbs and retains liquid as gel. |
Absorption capacity, retention under pressure, core weight, and liquid distribution. |
Choose a higher core weight and SAP content for large pets, overnight use, or multiple urinations. |
| 2. Select a suitable topsheet material |
Hydrophilic spunbond polypropylene is commonly used for the fluid-facing layer. Perforated or embossed surfaces may improve liquid entry. |
Allows urine to pass into the absorbent core and helps keep the surface drier. |
Strike-through speed, surface dryness, softness, pore structure, and uniform liquid intake. |
Use a soft, low-lint topsheet for pets with sensitive paws or frequent pad contact. |
| 3. Check the backsheet for leak protection |
A polyethylene film, breathable microporous film, or film-backed nonwoven layer. |
Prevents liquid from passing through to floors, crates, furniture, or vehicle interiors. |
Liquid-barrier performance, film integrity, edge sealing, and resistance to tearing. |
Choose a continuous, well-sealed backsheet for hard floors and high-moisture applications. |
| 4. Evaluate the edge-sealing construction |
Heat-sealed, ultrasonic-sealed, or adhesive-bonded edges that enclose the absorbent core. |
Reduces side leakage and helps prevent pulp or SAP from escaping during handling. |
Seal width, seal continuity, corner strength, and resistance to compression or folding. |
Select reinforced or wider seals when the pad may be moved after absorbing liquid. |
| 5. Choose the right pad size and shape |
Common rectangular sizes range from approximately 45 × 60 cm to 60 × 90 cm; larger formats provide more coverage. |
Provides enough target area while reducing the chance of urine reaching the surrounding surface. |
Usable absorbent area, pad dimensions, corner coverage, and fit within the intended space. |
Use a larger pad for large dogs, puppies in training, carriers, or extended use periods. |
| 6. Consider surface stability and handling |
Embossed topsheet, textured surface, adhesive strips, or a non-slip bottom can improve placement and stability. |
Helps the pad remain flat and limits bunching, sliding, or claw-related tearing. |
Flatness, tensile strength, tear resistance, folding recovery, and floor grip. |
Prioritize stability features for active pets, crates, smooth floors, and travel use. |
| 7. Verify safety, cleanliness, and consistency |
Look for low-lint nonwoven layers, controlled odor, clean cutting, uniform absorbent distribution, and materials suitable for intended pet contact. |
Supports comfortable use and reduces loose fibers, dust, uneven wetting, and construction defects. |
Basis-weight consistency, moisture content, odor level, lint shedding, absorbency uniformity, and visual inspection results. |
Choose products with consistent quality control when used in homes, kennels, clinics, or long-term care settings. |